1
25
37
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/bce3a81096d81790adc7c4cdee119df0.pdf
3562a67eed8a3b7b81beb4412eab93dc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
British Anarchism, 1960-1968
Description
An account of the resource
Ephemera, posters, and periodicals produced by the British anarchist movement in the 1960s. This collection includes copies of <em><a href="https://freedompress.org.uk/">Freedom </a></em>and <em>Anarchy. Both</em> publications were published by Freedom Press, the oldest and largest anarchist publishing house in Britain, with its roots in the continental anarchist emigre networks of the 1880s.<br /><br />During the 1960s, Freedom became a source of intense conflict within the British anarchist movement. Vernon Richards, the owner and editor of the publishing house, was at the centre of the controversy. Following the garroting of <a href="https://www.katesharpleylibrary.net/vhhp7d">two Spanish anarchists</a> in 1963, <span> Richards wrote a column which argued that Franco's tourist boom was beneficial for Spain's working class. This was completely at odds with the tourism boycott supported by the (largely) exiled <em>Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), Spain's anarcho-syndicalist trade union</em>. <br /> </span><br />Alongside <em>Freedom</em>, this collection also features copies of <em>Direct Action</em>, the paper of the Syndicalist Workers' Federation (the British contingent of the <em>International Workers' Association</em>). Contrary to the line taken by Richards, the SWF supported the CNT's boycott of Spanish tourism. It was during the peak of the anti-tourism campaign, in the summer of 1964, when Stuart Christie moved to Notting Hill in London, which at the time had become an important local hub for CNT exiles. During his stay in London, the anti-tourism campaign in Britain escalated to include forms of direct action – mostly breaking windows - against Spanish travel agencies. <br /><br />Through the SWF, Stuart was introduced to anarchist brothers Bernardo and Salvador (‘Salva’) Gurucharri. Salvador had participated in various clandestine missions to Francoist Spain and had only recently arrived in London following his release from Fresnes prison in Paris. In 1963, during the founding conference of the Anarchist Federation of Britain, Stuart suggested to Salva that he would like to ‘play a direct part in the resistance movement’ and was told to be ‘ready to travel on twenty-four hours notice’.
<p></p>
<p><a href="#_ftnref1"><span></span></a></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Various
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Anarchy, No.36 (1964)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
With thanks to 1in12 Club Library Collective and Freedom Press for making these scans available.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
February 1964
Anarchy
Colin Ward
Committee of 100
Freedom Press
prison
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/da229b6ec872bf7b8df10a3fa8bdf3dd.pdf
e0b025f0788c581da2fbe226e31fe709
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
British Anarchism, 1960-1968
Description
An account of the resource
Ephemera, posters, and periodicals produced by the British anarchist movement in the 1960s. This collection includes copies of <em><a href="https://freedompress.org.uk/">Freedom </a></em>and <em>Anarchy. Both</em> publications were published by Freedom Press, the oldest and largest anarchist publishing house in Britain, with its roots in the continental anarchist emigre networks of the 1880s.<br /><br />During the 1960s, Freedom became a source of intense conflict within the British anarchist movement. Vernon Richards, the owner and editor of the publishing house, was at the centre of the controversy. Following the garroting of <a href="https://www.katesharpleylibrary.net/vhhp7d">two Spanish anarchists</a> in 1963, <span> Richards wrote a column which argued that Franco's tourist boom was beneficial for Spain's working class. This was completely at odds with the tourism boycott supported by the (largely) exiled <em>Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), Spain's anarcho-syndicalist trade union</em>. <br /> </span><br />Alongside <em>Freedom</em>, this collection also features copies of <em>Direct Action</em>, the paper of the Syndicalist Workers' Federation (the British contingent of the <em>International Workers' Association</em>). Contrary to the line taken by Richards, the SWF supported the CNT's boycott of Spanish tourism. It was during the peak of the anti-tourism campaign, in the summer of 1964, when Stuart Christie moved to Notting Hill in London, which at the time had become an important local hub for CNT exiles. During his stay in London, the anti-tourism campaign in Britain escalated to include forms of direct action – mostly breaking windows - against Spanish travel agencies. <br /><br />Through the SWF, Stuart was introduced to anarchist brothers Bernardo and Salvador (‘Salva’) Gurucharri. Salvador had participated in various clandestine missions to Francoist Spain and had only recently arrived in London following his release from Fresnes prison in Paris. In 1963, during the founding conference of the Anarchist Federation of Britain, Stuart suggested to Salva that he would like to ‘play a direct part in the resistance movement’ and was told to be ‘ready to travel on twenty-four hours notice’.
<p></p>
<p><a href="#_ftnref1"><span></span></a></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Various
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Anarchy, No.32 (1963)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
With thanks to 1in12 Club Library Collective and Freedom Press for making these scans available.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
October 1963
Anarchy
Colin Ward
Crime
Marxism
prison
Social control
Theory
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/076cb432c77705c0d0b9eebcd3975100.mp3
43e866fb927980a978e7c905bb1c73cd
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Oral Histories
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of oral testimonies from Stuart's comrades. The collection includes interviews with Stuart's co-defendants on the Angry Brigade trial. This collection is still growing so if you would like to go on record and contribute please do get in contact.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hilary Creek on her experience in Holloway prison
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Interview recorded on: 2/09/2021
Language
A language of the resource
English
Feminism
Holloway
Mutual Aid
prison
Solidarity
State violence
Womens liberation
Womens refuges
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/2844d1d71b48b3ef8f45462f7399cd3d.pdf
7aafc8804148f581b3c13d3054eb4b6d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
British Anarchism, 1960-1968
Description
An account of the resource
Ephemera, posters, and periodicals produced by the British anarchist movement in the 1960s. This collection includes copies of <em><a href="https://freedompress.org.uk/">Freedom </a></em>and <em>Anarchy. Both</em> publications were published by Freedom Press, the oldest and largest anarchist publishing house in Britain, with its roots in the continental anarchist emigre networks of the 1880s.<br /><br />During the 1960s, Freedom became a source of intense conflict within the British anarchist movement. Vernon Richards, the owner and editor of the publishing house, was at the centre of the controversy. Following the garroting of <a href="https://www.katesharpleylibrary.net/vhhp7d">two Spanish anarchists</a> in 1963, <span> Richards wrote a column which argued that Franco's tourist boom was beneficial for Spain's working class. This was completely at odds with the tourism boycott supported by the (largely) exiled <em>Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), Spain's anarcho-syndicalist trade union</em>. <br /> </span><br />Alongside <em>Freedom</em>, this collection also features copies of <em>Direct Action</em>, the paper of the Syndicalist Workers' Federation (the British contingent of the <em>International Workers' Association</em>). Contrary to the line taken by Richards, the SWF supported the CNT's boycott of Spanish tourism. It was during the peak of the anti-tourism campaign, in the summer of 1964, when Stuart Christie moved to Notting Hill in London, which at the time had become an important local hub for CNT exiles. During his stay in London, the anti-tourism campaign in Britain escalated to include forms of direct action – mostly breaking windows - against Spanish travel agencies. <br /><br />Through the SWF, Stuart was introduced to anarchist brothers Bernardo and Salvador (‘Salva’) Gurucharri. Salvador had participated in various clandestine missions to Francoist Spain and had only recently arrived in London following his release from Fresnes prison in Paris. In 1963, during the founding conference of the Anarchist Federation of Britain, Stuart suggested to Salva that he would like to ‘play a direct part in the resistance movement’ and was told to be ‘ready to travel on twenty-four hours notice’.
<p></p>
<p><a href="#_ftnref1"><span></span></a></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Various
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Anarchy, No.9 (1961)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
With thanks to 1in12 Club Library Collective and Freedom Press for making these scans available.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
November 1961
Anti-reform
Colin Ward
Freedom Press
prison
Theory
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/8bbff97a4d7c7b8825601adb98c4573c.pdf
9e9c179d6a8c585833e78768996d836b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
British Anarchism, 1960-1968
Description
An account of the resource
Ephemera, posters, and periodicals produced by the British anarchist movement in the 1960s. This collection includes copies of <em><a href="https://freedompress.org.uk/">Freedom </a></em>and <em>Anarchy. Both</em> publications were published by Freedom Press, the oldest and largest anarchist publishing house in Britain, with its roots in the continental anarchist emigre networks of the 1880s.<br /><br />During the 1960s, Freedom became a source of intense conflict within the British anarchist movement. Vernon Richards, the owner and editor of the publishing house, was at the centre of the controversy. Following the garroting of <a href="https://www.katesharpleylibrary.net/vhhp7d">two Spanish anarchists</a> in 1963, <span> Richards wrote a column which argued that Franco's tourist boom was beneficial for Spain's working class. This was completely at odds with the tourism boycott supported by the (largely) exiled <em>Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), Spain's anarcho-syndicalist trade union</em>. <br /> </span><br />Alongside <em>Freedom</em>, this collection also features copies of <em>Direct Action</em>, the paper of the Syndicalist Workers' Federation (the British contingent of the <em>International Workers' Association</em>). Contrary to the line taken by Richards, the SWF supported the CNT's boycott of Spanish tourism. It was during the peak of the anti-tourism campaign, in the summer of 1964, when Stuart Christie moved to Notting Hill in London, which at the time had become an important local hub for CNT exiles. During his stay in London, the anti-tourism campaign in Britain escalated to include forms of direct action – mostly breaking windows - against Spanish travel agencies. <br /><br />Through the SWF, Stuart was introduced to anarchist brothers Bernardo and Salvador (‘Salva’) Gurucharri. Salvador had participated in various clandestine missions to Francoist Spain and had only recently arrived in London following his release from Fresnes prison in Paris. In 1963, during the founding conference of the Anarchist Federation of Britain, Stuart suggested to Salva that he would like to ‘play a direct part in the resistance movement’ and was told to be ‘ready to travel on twenty-four hours notice’.
<p></p>
<p><a href="#_ftnref1"><span></span></a></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Various
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Anarchy, No.4 (1961)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
With thanks to 1in12 Club Library Collective and Freedom Press for making these scans available.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
June 1961
Anarchy
Colin Ward
Freedom Press
prison
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/3158e7b8a8a7ecb8b3af8a0505b4e5ec.jpg
f8889e04283f48e9fd90a8ec9f9b7de4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Scanned document
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Clippings of Spanish state documents relating to Stuart's arrest (1964)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1964
Anti-Franco
Armed struggle
Carballo
Defensa Interior
Direct Action
prison
Spain
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/f21d0d492a32d5ec33f0542b4c409d16.jpg
2d3595ddfbfaf4022813845dae7cede0
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Angry Brigade and Persons Unknown
Description
An account of the resource
This collection includes pamphlets, press commentary, and police reports relating to the trials of the 'Angry Brigade' (1972) and 'Persons Unknown' (1978-79). In 1972, eight activists, drawn mainly from the milieu of the libertarian left, appeared at the Old Bailey on charges of conspiracy. According to the British police authorities, these activists belonged to the so-called 'Angry Brigade', a clandestine, armed terror group responsible for a string of bomb attacks between 1970 and 1972. Stuart stood on trial as one of the eight that were accused because of the number of explosive incidents that were focused on Spanish targets.<br /><br />In 1978, the 'Persons Unknown' case put pressure on Christie yet again, as the Special Branch and the newly formed Anti-Terrorist Squad arrested five anarchists on the charge of 'conspiracy to cause explosions'. The arrests were co-ordinated by Inspector Roy Cremer, one of the lead detectives on the Angry Brigade case. Cremer's attention focused on Ronan Benett, an Irish anarchist, who had recently left Long Kesh prison in the North of Ireland (following a successful appeal for the murder of a Belfast policeman). Arriving in England shortly after his release, Bennett made contact with the Anarchist Black Cross, having become interested in anarchism during his time in prison.<br /><br />The evidence with which the five anarchists were charged was spurious, to say the least. After eighteen months of imprisonment (on remand), the jury decided to acquit all the defendants. For a concise look at the Persons Unknown trial, see <a href="https://christiebooks.co.uk/2015/03/the-persons-unknown-case-order-in-the-court-stuart-christie-city-limits-january-1980/">Stuart Christie's 1980 report in City Limits.</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hilary Creek and Anna Mendelssohn are released on bail, Holloway Prison (1972)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Angry Brigade
Anna Mendelssohn
Hilary Creek
Holloway
prison
Stoke Newington 8
Trial
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/6dc90749c57e7c3402089375c20dbe63.jpg
5e43e1301503f9ef486fa498462513d4
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/5e0b87fa14acfe541e0beb3b5c97bf43.jpg
ec33254a7d1be1b6381b31be0577e26e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs of Stuart's friends, comrades, and acquaintances over the years.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Stuart Christie leaving Clerkenwell Magistrate's Court (1971)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Angry Brigade
Brixton
Police
prison
Special Branch
Stoke Newington 8
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/06bcbcf2d6cbb808cd9402db4bee743b.jpg
87b7701029d22f3b98926f5ca1f0f252
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/8a454e3172e3286a480512a8cb4cdb34.jpg
a6389325324361a79e877bd13383a905
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs of Stuart's friends, comrades, and acquaintances over the years.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Stuart Christie, Clerkenwell Magistrate's Court, 1971
Description
An account of the resource
Picture of Stuart Christie on his way to Brixton prison following the first remand hearing during the trial of the 'Angry Brigade'.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Various
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1971
Angry Brigade
Brixton
prison
Stoke Newington 8
Urban guerilla
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/7f9b232ce1feea08331d9eb5e92e32ce.png
c7dc30833748efaea80419a2c68a2dbd
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Scanned document
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Christie-Carballo Defence Committee on the front page of RUTA (1964)
Description
An account of the resource
'Ruta' was the newspaper organ of the anarchist Juventudes Libertarias (Libertarian Youth, JJ.LL). This edition was published by exiled members of JJ.LL in Brussels.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
various
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
<a href="https://fal.cnt.es/">Fundación Anselmo Lorenzo</a> (Madrid/Toledo)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1964
Anti-fascism
Burgos
Exile
Fernando Carballo
internationalism
Juventudes Libertarias
prison
Prisoner defence
Spain
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/2ea55cabb4d1ba8c518a61ff3bca25f7.jpg
7af161d96dab1d4d1c82671ddd63e3a8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs of Stuart's friends, comrades, and acquaintances over the years.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
French anarchist Alain Pecunia, (1998)
Description
An account of the resource
Stuart Christie (2011): 'noir novelist, comrade and fellow prisoner in Carabanchel (1963-1965): Alain, the son of a French senior naval officer and well-connected Gaullist, was recruited into the anarchist movement in the spring of 1961 — at the age of 15 — by Francisco (‘Paco’) Ruiz Abarca at an anti-OAS (Organisation armée secrète) meeting. In much the same way as I was involved in the anti-nuclear movement in Britain, Alain had been involved in anti-OAS activities with the Algerian Front de Libération Nationale (FLN). Initially, a member of the youth section of the French Communist party, the Young Communists, he then discovered anarchism through Le Monde Libertaire, the newspaper of the French Anarchist Federation (FAF). Unimpressed by the anarchists of the FAF — many of whom were sandal-wearing pacifists, individualists, naturists, vegetarians, and very much under the influence of Grand Orient Freemasonry who viewed class-struggle as bolshevist — Alain teamed up with the more action-oriented Union of Anarcho-Communists (UGAC). This organisation, under the influence of Paul Desnais, a doctor, Paul Zorkine, a former Montenegrin guerrilla living in exile in France, and an Algerian anarchist by the name of Milou, was the first libertarian organisation to work with the Algerian Armée de Liberatión Nationale (ALN), the armed wing of the FLN. In September 1961 they had set up an intelligence gathering network to identify OAS activists, where they met and, if possible, their arms dumps. In 1962 Alain spent the school holidays of June and July in Spain with three other young French anarchists liaising with a Barcelona-based FIJL group and had gone in again in March and again, finally, in April 1963, when he was arrested and charged — along with two other young Frenchmen — with ‘Banditry and Terrorism’.
Alain was the first among the three young French prisoners in his ‘expediente’ to be released. Since his arrest there had been a lot of high-level diplomatic to-ing and fro-ing between Franco’s Foreign Ministry under Fernando María Castiella and the French Foreign Ministry at the Quai d’Orsay in Paris. Pecunia’s father carried considerable clout in Gaullist circles and, according to Alain, Franco had insisted on a personal phone call from de Gaulle on the matter. Others involved in the negotiations for his release included what sounded like the character list of a Dennis Wheatley novel: the Duc d’Aumale, various French and Italian fascists trying to negotiate an exchange of OAS prisoners, and even Otto Skorzeny, whom Alain subsequently claimed intervened at the request of a former French member of the Abwehr (the German World War Two counter-intelligence service), a German collaborator. Stories also circulated about secret financial clauses in ongoing financial accords between France and Spain. The French Foreign Ministry official responsible for the Southern Europe desk at the Quai d’Orsay, a certain M. J. de Folin, told Alain later that his freedom had cost the French government two Mirage jet fighters. Pecunia was released on 17 August 1965, exactly two years to the day after the executions of Delgado and Granado. He had served twenty-eight months in prison. I waved him off as he passed through the Fifth Gallery,
A few months after his release Alain was seriously injured in mysterious circumstances in a road accident and has been confined to a wheelchair ever since. He is now a highly successful thriller writer( noir, polar and political)'
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
October 1998
Alain Pecunia
Algeria
Anti-fascism
Armed resistance
Armed struggle
CNT
Defensa Interior
Juventudes Libertarias
MLE
prison
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/e5e6a72ab3461cbcd230670f9733614d.jpg
b4e6ac2747379c7395877aa9984207ec
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Scanned document
Language
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English
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Stuart Christie and fellow British prisoner Jimmy Wagner, Madrid (1967)
Description
An account of the resource
Stuart Christie (2011): 'Alcalá de Henares Penintentiary with Jimmy Wagner (Jimmy was serving 30 years for murdering a moneylender). For Glaswegian style aficionados, my shirt is a Bob Fletcher original . . . Alcalá penitentiary, originally — pre-Franco — the 17th century Convento de Santo Tomás — is now, believe it or nor, a luxury hotel, a Parador no less!'
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1967
Madrid
Mutual Aid
prison
Solidarity
Spain
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/cf49f9eb73c63fa6d38c6b81ac3530c1.jpg
5136c495c039a4c16d7a952b23b8ba33
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
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Scanned document
Language
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English
Dublin Core
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Title
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Christie-Carballo Defence Committee, Speakers' Corner (1964)
Description
An account of the resource
Stuart Christie: 'London, Speakers' Corner, August 1964 (Mike Callinan of the Syndicalist Workers' Federation addressing the protest meeting)'
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1964
prison
Protest
Spain
Syndicalist Workers Federation
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/3ad41479884542c5fa75d8a3a2004547.jpg
43b1919ae1c4b450759910e65cf9d583
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Scanned document
Language
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English
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Christie-Carballo Defence Committee march to the Spanish Embassy (1964)
Creator
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unknown
Date
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30 August 1964
London
prison
Protest
Solidarity
Spain
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/1dfdacad75f458469f52bf2ef6dce482.jpg
e3682fdfcdeb77787e23bb92571c41f0
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Scanned document
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Stuart Christie in the Yeserías prison hospital, Madrid (1965)
Description
An account of the resource
Stuart Christie: 'A priest came to see me before my operation. This worried me in case he’d come to perform the last rites (and me a 'Proddy'), but it was simply a friendly visit to his 'flock'. I just hoped that if ...I did make it through the operation I would still have a nose.
The operation reminded me of my tonsillectomy on a Glasgow kitchen table at the age of 5. I was ushered into what looked like a gynaecological chair, while the nursing staff, all prisoners, strapped my wrists, chest and legs. The seat was then cranked back until my head was at 45 degrees to the floor and my feet pointing at the ceiling.
A masked surgeon looking like Laurence Olivier playing the Nazi dentist in Marathon Man suddenly loomed over me wielding two stainless steel corkscrews that he proceeded to manoeuvre up my nostrils and crank open as though he was opening a bottle of claret. With a flourish, a large chrome syringe appeared in his hand, which he jabbed into the soft palate of my mouth like a matador in for the faena.
As the freezing Novocain trickled down my gullet I could still feel everything, particularly pain. A stainless steel chisel then appeared in his hand, which he promptly poked into my nostril. Suddenly, what looked like an ice pick appeared in other hand of this latter-day Ramón Mercader. He swung back and then began battering his way into my brain cavity. Wincing under the relentless hammer blows I began to feel some sympathy for Leon Trotsky. Was this man clearing my sinuses or was he planning to trepan me to open up my ‘Third Eye’?'
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1965
Madrid
prison
Spain
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/fb63d7fe5158d55ce2fbad4654f83fbe.jpg
5986deff4f65205a9f34a724c730dfaf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Scanned document
Language
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English
Dublin Core
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Title
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Stuart Christie in Carabanchel, 1966
Description
An account of the resource
1966, Central Rotunda, Prisión Provincial de Madrid (1940-1998), Carabanchel Alto, Madrid.
Stuart Christie: 'Carabanchel, 1966 (in the central rotunda) with three Londoners (who shall remain nameless and faultless) and an Argentinean bank robber (centre)'
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1966
Format
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Photograph
Carabanchel
prison
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/22c2368dedf837c3a2670a64c63ea2ab.jpg
65d2d528f91785d67d4763a3cab6b6a8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Postcards from Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Spanish anti-Francoist resistance
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of ephemera, pamphlets, photos and personal correspondence on the anarchist and anti-Francoist resistance in Spain.
This collection includes letters written by Stuart from the Spanish prison of Alcalá de Henares in 1967 and received by his friend, Ross Flett. Stuart was transferred from Carabanchel prison to Alcalá following an aborted escape plan with his co-conspirator, cellmate and CNT member Luís Andrés Edo. These letters include references to his campaign for release, letter smuggling, the First of May Group and the machine gunning of Grosvenor Square.
Persons mentioned: Luís Andrés Edo, Juan Busquets, Alain Pecunia,
Groups and publications: Syndicalist Workers' Federation, Freedom, Anarchy, the International Times.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Ross Flett
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
06/04/1967-09/09/1967
Format
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Scanned document
Language
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English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Stuart Christie in Carabanchel, 1967
Carabanchel
Clandestine
prison
Spain
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/383c96bac2e27ee032e9b637916102d2.jpg
65b8032fcdddb1e162ea88822bb65dd0
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/0e4694674c62156bc329144480d585f9.jpg
339c92c205218745e83ff072c3982c2f
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Title
A name given to the resource
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs of Stuart's friends, comrades, and acquaintances over the years.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Dublin Core
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Title
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Luis Andrés Edo, CNT Congress of Torrejón de Ardoz
Description
An account of the resource
"Luis Andrés Edo (7/11/1925-14/2/2009), anarcho-syndicalist, comrade-in-arms, former cell-mate, and an irreplaceable friend. (Photo 1983, CNT Congress of Torrejón de Ardoz)" Second Photograph: with <a href="https://www.katesharpleylibrary.net/hdr94j">José Ignacio Martín-Artajo Saracho</a> (right) — b 1932, Madrid; d 14 April 2005, Gerona — Anarchist, diplomat, blasphemer, poet and man of letters (CNT Congress, Torrejón de Ardoz, April 1983). "The son of a Guardia Civil, Luis was born in the benemérita barracks in Caspe (Aragón) in 1925, but the family moved to Barcelona the following year when his father, Román, was transferred to a new cuartel in the Sants district of Barcelona, where the young boy grew up, educated by nuns, monks and priests. Later, after the social revolution of July 19 1936, the ten-year old Luis became not only a ‘child of the barricades’, but also a ‘son of the CENU’ (el Consell de l’Escola Nova Unificada), the successor rationalist schools to the Modern School launched by Francisco Ferrer I Guardia in 1901 (and forced to close in 1906). The education he received there and on the streets of revolutionary Barcelona was to prove life-changing. <br /><br />Luis’s working life began in 1939, at the age of 14, cleaning machinery and odd-jobbing with Spain’s National Railway company, RENFE, where he was apprenticed two years later as a locomotive engineer and, in 1941, aged 16, he affiliated to the underground anarcho-syndicalist labour union, the National Confederation of Labour (CNT). He remained with RENFE until 1946 when, after completing his apprenticeship at the age of 21, he was arrested and spent a short time in prison accused of ‘stealing potatoes’ from trains as part of the CNT’s ‘ food redistribution’ campaign during those years of terrible hunger. On his release he became a glassworker, manufacturing thermometers, a job that was to cause him serious and enduring health problems as a result of ingesting mercury and hydrofluoric acid. Luis was called up to do his National Service in October 1947, but by December he had had enough of Franco’s army and deserted, crossing clandestinely into France, still dressed in his military uniform. In 1952 he returned to Barcelona following a serious crackdown by the French authorities on the activities of the CNT in exile. This was the result of a bungled train robbery in Lyon the previous year in which three people were killed and nine others injured. Luis was not involved in the Lyon robbery, but the French police went out of their way to make life intolerable for all Spanish anarchist exiles at the time. Back in Spain Luis was arrested on desertion charges in August 1952 and was not freed until October 1953 when he was returned to the ranks —promptly deserting again early in 1954. Re-arrested, he served a further six months in the dungeons of the notorious Castillo de Figueres, a military prison in Gerona, after which, like so many others, he went into permanent exile in France where he threw himself whole-heartedly into the libertarian anti-Francoist resistance movement. <br /><br />In Paris in 1955, Luis became closely involved with <a href="https://www.katesharpleylibrary.net/z613wc">Laureano Cerrada Santos</a>, another former RENFE employee and a key figure in the WWII anti-Nazi Resistance and escape and evasion networks. Cerrada was also a master forger and an influential figure in France’s criminal demi-monde, especially the Parisian and Marseilles milieux and was, undoubtedly, one of the most problematic, enigmatic and mysterious figures of the Spanish anarchist diaspora. It was Cerrada who, in 1947, had purchased a powerful US Navy Vedette speedboat used by the CNT’s defence committee to transport arms, propaganda and militants from France into Spain; he also purchased the plane used in the (unsuccessful) aerial attack on Franco’s yacht in San Sebastian in 1949. After the fallout from the Lyon robbery in 1951, however, Cerrada was expelled and ostracised by the official CNT for ‘bringing the organisation into disrepute’ because of his ‘criminal connections’. Cerrada had, in fact, been in custody in France on forgery charges for a month prior to the Lyon robbery. That cut no ice with the CNT National Committee in exile in Toulouse who wanted rid of all the ‘Apache’ elements in the organisation who threatened the legality of their comfortable existence in France. <br /><br />In Paris, Luis’s involvement with the Juventudes Libertarias, the Spanish anarchist youth organisation, also brought him into contact with most of the other well-known ‘faces’ of the anti-Franco Resistance, men such as ‘<a href="https://libcom.org/article/sabate-llopart-francisco-el-quico-1915-1960">Quico’ Sabaté</a>, the legendary urban guerrilla, and José Pascual Palacios of the CNT’s Defence Commission, the man responsible for coordinating all the action groups operating in Spain and described by Barcelona police chief Eduardo Quintela as Spain’s ‘Public enemy number one’. It was Luis who organised a meeting between ‘el Quico’ and the former Communist Party army general, ‘El Campesino’ at the latter’s request in 1959, shortly before Sabaté’s death at the hands of the Francoist security services. During this time in Paris he worked at the Alhambra Maurice Chevalier Theatre as assistant scene painter to Rafael Aguilera, the famous Andalusian artist from Ronda. What few people knew, however, was that Aguilera — a hero of the Spanish Civil War and the Resistance who had been imprisoned by the Nazis — was also responsible for maintaining an important arms deposit in Paris for the CNT Defence Commission. One of these caches was in his workshop in the attic of the Alhambra. When there was no work to be done in the theatre, Edo and Lucio Urtubia, a close friend and a protégé of Quico Sabaté, would clean and oil these weapons. On one dramatic occasion Lucio was conscientiously cleaning an old Mauser pistol when it went off in his hand, almost blowing Luis’s brains out. <br /><br />By the early 1960s Luis was secretary of the Alianza Obrera (CNT-UGT-STV), propaganda secretary of the National Committee of the CNT, secretary of Paris Local Federation of the CNT, secretary general of the Peninsular Committee of the FIJL in Exile, and was closely involved with, among others, Octavio Alberola, García Oliver and Cipriano Mera in the setting up of Defensa Interior, the clandestine section of the Spanish Libertarian Movement in Exile (MLE). The function of Defensa Interior was to plan and implement subversive actions targeting the Francoist regime and to assassinate Franco himself; it was in this role that I first encountered Luis in Paris in 1964, prior to setting off for Madrid with plastic explosives intended for that very purpose. My next encounter with Luis was two years later, in Carabanchel Prison in Madrid as a result of a betrayal by a police agent, Inocencio Martínez. Luis and four other comrades were arrested in October 1966 by Franco’s secret police, the Brigada Político-Social (BPS) and accused of planning to kidnap the head of the US armed forces in Spain, Rear Admiral Norman Gillette and, allegedly, the exiled Argentinean politician Juan Perón. He was also accused of complicity in the Rome kidnapping, six months earlier, of Monsignor Marcos Ussiá, the 40-year old Spanish ecclesiastical attaché to the Vatican. <br /><br />These actions were carried out under the auspices of the First of May Group, the autonomous international anarchist action group, which succeeded Defensa Interior following its dissolution by the CNT-FAI’s Toulouse leadership subsequent to my arrest in 1964. Luis and I shared a cell in the infamous sixth gallery of Carabanchel, the political wing. I had just turned twenty at the time and in fact it was he who first taught me how to shave, During that time we became close friends as well as comrades. I often recall, with pleasure, the lengthy discussions we had each evening after lock-up until ‘lights-out’ in which we seemed to cover every conceivable subject under the sun. Many of these strands of thought he dedicated to fine onion paper in minuscule hand which we later smuggled out of prison. Some of these theses appeared forty years later in his collection of theoretical essays under the title 'La Corriente'. Certainly, for an inexperienced and naïve youth such as myself, Luis, with his charisma and strong personality was the ideal teacher, mentor, and role model. <br /><br />They were interesting and educational times indeed and involved two escape attempts which were organised by Luis with help from an action group from Paris. The discovery of the plan, just before his trial, led to our separation and my transfer to the penitentiary of Alcalá de Henares in the summer of 1967. Tried by a civil Public Order Tribunal, something unusual in itself for anarchists who, like myself, were normally charged under military law with ‘Banditry and Terrorism’ and tried by a drumhead court-martial, Luis was sentenced to three years imprisonment for illegal association (membership of the Juventudes Libertarias), six years for illegal possession of arms, and a 25,000 peseta fine for possessing false identity documents. The sentence would have been considerably harsher had he been tried by a ‘Council of War’.<br /><br />Luis was released from Jaén prison in 1972, having run the gamut of many of Franco’s maximum security penitentiaries — including Soria and Segovia in which he organised escape committees and mounted a number of hunger strikes and mutinies, for which he spent months in the punishment cells. Arrested again in 1974 on charges of illegal association with the anarchist action groups of the <a href="https://autonomies.org/2019/07/g-a-r-i-grupos-de-accion-revolucionaria-internacionalista/">GARI</a> (Grupos de Acción Revolucionaria Internacional) and with complicity in the Paris kidnapping of Spanish banker Baltasar Suárez, Luis received a five-year prison sentence in February 1975 of which he served a little over two years, after being released in 1976 under a royal amnesty during the post-Francoist transition, in spite of having led the first major mutiny during his time in Barcelona’s Model Prison. It was a particularly painful period of imprisonment as he was separated from his partner, Rosita, and his two small children, Helios and Violeta who remained in Paris. <br /><br />With Franco dead but his cohorts still in the driving seats of power, Luis played a key role in the CNT’s re-construction in Catalonia and was one of the organisers of the ‘Montjuic Meeting’, the first legal public gathering of the CNT since 1939 — an event which attracted 300,000 people, most of them a new generation of young libertarians. He was also a prime mover in organising the ‘Libertarian Days’, the Jornadas Libertarias, a week-long international anarchist festival which followed the Montjuic meeting and, for five extraordinary days in July, turned Barcelona into a international showcase for — and celebration of — anarchism. <br /><br />But the transition period between 1976 and 1981 was also a time of major provocations by the rump of the Francoist power elite, the Búnker, desperate to hang on to their power and privileges, and desperate to avoid being brought to justice for their forty-year reign of criminality and terror. They and their new social-democratic partners were also anxious to discredit and neutralise the radical elements of the nascent CNT and the FAI — the so-called ‘Apache sector’. Again it was Luis who was in the forefront of exposing the Spanish State’s ‘Strategy of Tension’, which began in earnest in January 1977 with the massacre of five leftist lawyers in their offices in Atocha and which left four others seriously injured by the same Italian neo-fascists responsible for a similar terror campaign under way in Italy since 1968. These terrorists, and other parapoliticals of the SCOE (Servicio de Coordinación, Organización y Enlace), operated under the control of Rodolfo Martín Villa, Adolfo Suárez’s fascist minister of the interior and his notorious police commissioner, Roberto Conesa Escudero. The hands of Martin Villa and Escudero were also to be seen in the Scala fire of 15 January 1978 in which four people died, and the blame for which was laid at the door of the CNT. Luis was arrested again in 1980 and charged with ‘formación terrorista’ (organising a terrorist group) — conveniently shortly before the trial of the accused in the Scala case — with the prosecutor asking for a sentence of twenty years, but he was released on provisional liberty in August 1981 after the attempted Tejero coup. <br /><br />The case against Luis was finally dropped in 1984 due to lack of evidence. In the subsequent twenty five years —right up until the evening before his death, and in spite of a seriously debilitating seven year illness, throughout which he was supported by his soulmate and partner, Doris Ensinger with whom he shared his life after finally separating from his first partner, Rosita, in 1981. Luis and Rosita had effectively separated in 1976 when he refused to return to Paris at such a pivotal moment in Spain’s history, while she and the children wouldn’t live in Barcelona. Luis and Doris began their relationship in 1978, living together as a couple from the day he was released from prison in August 1981. <br /><br />Luis Andrés Edo remained always both an untiring activist and an intellectual dynamo of the international libertarian movement, constantly provoking thought and developing new anti-authoritarian ideas. His was the voice — the conscience if you like — of what he was proud to call ‘the Apache sector’, defending the anarchist principles of the CNT and fighting untiringly for the restoration of the union’s property and assets seized by the Francoists in 1939, and for justice for the victims of Francoism, particularly in the cases of Delgado and Granado the two young anarchists garrotted in 1963 for a crime of which they were innocent. And for at least two generations of young Spanish anarchists who came into contact with him, Luis Andrés Edo was undoubtedly the inspirational role model of the post-Francoist era. He was, to the clandestine libertarian anti-Francoist movement, what Jean Moulin was to the French Resistance. In 2002 Luis published La Corriente, (originally entitled El pensamiento antiautoritario) an anthology of his prison essays in which he explores his ideas on thought and action. and in 2006 he published his autobiographical memoirs: La CNT En La Encrucijada. Aventuras de un Heterodoxo (‘The CNT at the Crossroads. Adventures of a Maverick’) in which he traces the trajectory of his extraordinary life as a militant. Although Luis Andrés’s death at 83 left those whose lives he touched with a massive sense of regret and loss, he also left present and future generations a valuable legacy —his memory and his example. Écrasez l’Infâme!" Stuart Christie, 29 July 2011
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1983
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Information about rights held in and over the resource
<span>All material uploaded on this site is licensed under a </span><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a><span>.</span><br /><br /><span>Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at <a href="mailto:stuartchristiearchive@maydayrooms.org">stuartchristiearchive@maydayrooms.org</a></span>
Anarcho-syndicalism
Clandestine
CNT
Exile
prison
Repression
Resistance
Spanish anarchism
Transition
-
https://stuartchristie.maydayrooms.org/files/original/2ec5160d3497489755a42f25b2c26cf4.jpg
1acb7e77b22519d5a80e4864b170f2aa
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
Photographs of Stuart's friends, comrades, and acquaintances over the years.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Stuart Christie
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Miguel García García (1908-1981), Plaça Reial, Barri Gòtic, outside the local CNT offices
Description
An account of the resource
"My first meeting with Miguel García García took place in the mid-1960s in the rotunda by the ‘primera’ galeria ( the administration wing) of Madrid’s Carabanchel Prison as he awaited ‘induction’. He was in transit to and from another penitentiary and was about to go into what was known as ‘periodo’ – a fortnight of sanitary isolation, ostensibly to prevent or limit the spread of disease. I was the practice nurse (practicante) for the 5th Gallery, a position that gave me the run of most of the prison and allowed me to liaise with comrades in different wings, especially with isolated transit prisoners or prisoners in solitary confinement. Miguel passed through Carabanchel on a number of occasions over the years, going backwards and forwards between penitentiaries and Yeserias, Spain’s central prison hospital in Madrid.
Miguel and I struck up a close relationship, one that was to endure for a decade and a half until his death in December 1981. What particularly impressed me about him on our first meeting was his undoubted strength of character – forged by his experiences in the Resistance as an urban guerrilla and ‘falsificador‘ [forger], and in Franco’s prisons – and the extraordinary quality of his spoken English, a language he had acquired entirely from English-speaking prisoners. No other political prisoners I came across during my three years imprisonment in Franco’s jails had Miguel’s mastery of language, or his skills as a communicator. Our conversations centred on how to expose the repressive nature of the Francoist regime and raise the profile of Franco’s political prisoners in the international media, something I was in a position to do given my relatively privileged position as a foreign political prisoner and the access I had to the outside world through my by then extensive network of friendly functionaries in Carabanchel itself.
In 1967, following receipt of a personal pardon from Franco, I was released from prison and, on my return to Great Britain, I became involved with the resuscitated Anarchist Black Cross, an anarchist prisoners’ aid organisation. The focus of our activities was international, but Franco’s prisoners were, naturally, because of my history and the continuing and intensifying repression in Spain, top of our agenda. The case of Miguel García García, one of the Anarchist Black Cross’s most prominent correspondents, was one that we regularly pursued with the international press and through diplomatic channels.
Released in 1969, after serving twenty years of a thirty-year sentence (commuted from death), Miguel came to live with me in London. It took him a little time to acclimatise to the profound social and technological changes that had taken place in the world since his arrest as a young man in the Barcelona of 1949, changes that were even more profound in the ‘tolerant’ and ‘permissive’ London society of 1969. In fact, so great was the trauma that he literally was unable to speak for some months. The shock of his release had triggered a paralysis in some of the muscles in his throat, and, through Octavio Alberola then living under effective house arrest in Liege, we arranged for him to see a consultant in Belgium about his condition. The time with Octavio was well-spent and brought him up-to-date with what was happening within the European movement and the role of the International Revolutionary Solidarity Movement, which operated under the banner of the Grupo Primero de Mayo, a continuation of the clandestine anarchist Defensa Interior (DI), which had been tasked with the assassination of Franco.
The First of May Group had recently emerged from the sabotaged (by Germinal Esgleas and Vicente Llansola) ruins of Defensa Interior (DI) as an international, anti-capitalist, anti-imperialist revolutionary organisation, structured to carry out spectacular direct actions. It took its name from the first operation carried out on 1 May 1966 when members of the group kidnapped the ecclesiastic adviser to the Spanish Embassy to the Vatican, Monsignor Marcos Ussia. Soon the group began taking in a much broader area of attack targeting, in particular, the US and European governments for their complicity in the imperialist war in Vietnam.
BACK IN London, mainly with the moral and financial support of comrade Albert Meltzer, my co-editor of Black Flag and the driving force behind the revived Anarchist Black Cross (ABC), Miguel entered into a dynamic new phase of his life as the International Secretary of the ABC and a pivotal figure in the libertarian resistance to the Franco regime. With Albert he embarked on lengthy speaking tours of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, West and East Germany, France, Belgium, Denmark and Italy, talking to a new generation of radicalised young Europeans about anarchism, international solidarity and, of course, the need to confront tyranny with practical cooperation and direct action.
It could be said that the result of one of Miguel’s early talks – in a crowded meeting room at the offices of Freedom Press in London’s Whitechapel High Street in February 1970, shortly after his arrival in Britain – was to give rise to the so-called Angry Brigade, Britain’s first urban guerrilla group. Miguel’s voice was still weak so I had to do much of the talking for him, but as the evening wore on and the story of his adventures and deprivations at the hands of the Francoist authorities unfolded, that and the fact that his revolutionary spirit and determination remained clearly undiminished, it was clear he had made a deep emotional impression on the fifty or so young people in the audience. Here, in front of them, in person, was someone who had been in direct confrontation with a fascist state, who had been totally involved in resistance struggles, and who had paid a heavy penalty. Nor was it a purely historical struggle. Franco remained in power and a new internationally coordinated anarchist action group, the First of May Group, was carrying on that struggle.
At Freedom Press that February night in 1970, the significance, the importance of the First of May Group, and the tradition it – and Miguel – sprang from, was not lost on the people crammed into the small room to hear Miguel García’s story. Among those present were some of the core activists later convicted in the historic ‘Angry Brigade’ trial: John Barker, Hilary Creek, Jim Greenfield and Anna Mendelson.
Miguel’s flat in Upper Tollington Park, near North London’s Finsbury Park, soon drew visiting anarchists from all over the world. It also began to attract police attention once Miguel launched (with Albert’s help) the Centro Ibérico and International Libertarian Centre in London, a cosmopolitan venue that became a magnet for anarchists everywhere; it had been many years since there was such a thing as an international anarchist club in London, and its success was entirely due to Miguel’s powerful personality.
In 1971 the Centro Ibérico moved to a large basement in Haverstock Hill to which came many extraordinary people, including survivors from innumerable political upheavals. Visitors included the Spanish militant and historian José Peirats and Emilienne Durruti, partner of Buenaventura Durruti. Another regular at the Centro Ibérico was ETA leader Pedro Ignacio Pérez Beotegui, also known as ‘Wilson’, who was involved in the planning of the December 1973 assassination of Franco’s protégé and deputy, prime Minister Carrero Blanco.
The new Centro was entirely Miguel’s creation and he spent his whole time nurturing it, cutting himself off from any paid employment, even though he was well past what should have been retiring age anyway. Through Albert, however, he did extract a small pension from the British government.
Phil Ruff, the Black Flag cartoonist who shared Miguel’s Upper Tollington Park flat after Albert moved to Lewisham, remembers accompanying Miguel on endless trips from Finsbury Park to Haverstock Hill, almost every night throughout the 1970s, to open up the Centro so that someone would be there if anyone dropped in. Often it was just Phil and Miguel looking at the paint peel off the walls and having a drink, but if someone did drop by Miguel would immediately make them welcome, cook up a paella, and start weaving his magic. He was without doubt a great communicator and would have made a wonderful hostage negotiator. Everybody left the Centro feeling they were Miguel’s best friend, and ready to slay dragons. He had a way of making you think that. He turned the basement into an internationally known place to go if you needed help in London; somewhere to find a welcome, food, a bed for the night, or a place to squat. He also brought people together from all over the world, becoming the birthplace for many affinity groups that were active in Central and South America, and Europe.
In 1970-71 Albert was working in Fleet Street as a telephone reporter/copy-taker for The Daily Sketch, a right-wing British national tabloid newspaper, and after much discussion and argument – and believe me Miguel could be extremely argumentative and pugnacious – Albert finally convinced Miguel to write his memoirs. And so it was that the typescript of what was to become Franco’s Prisoner was hammered out between Miguel and Albert and typed up in a disused back room of one of Britain’s foremost Conservative populist newspapers – and paid for on the time of Associated Newspapers. The book, Franco’s Prisoner, was published in 1972 by the Rupert Hart-Davis publishing house, which had originally commissioned my book The Christie File, but reneged on the contract at the last moment because of the allegedly contentious nature of the material.
As well as providing wide-ranging advice from abortion to legal aid to squatting, Miguel played a key role in many of the international defence campaigns run by the International Anarchist Black Cross at the time, including those of Julian Millan Hernandez and Salvador Puig Antich in Spain, and Noel and Marie Murray, two members of the Dublin Anarchist Group sentenced to death in Ireland for their alleged part in killing an off-duty Garda officer during a bank robbery in Dublin, in 1975.
Salvador Puig Antich had been a regular visitor who accompanied Albert and Miguel on some of their speaking tours around Britain. Returning to France in August 1973 to take part in a conference of young activists to set up the anarchist defence group known as the MIL (Movimiento Ibérico de Liberación), Salvador Puig Antichwas involved a series of spectacular bank expropriations across Catalonia and Southern France. In September 1973, however, Puig Antich walked into a police ambush in Barcelona’s Calle Gerona in which he was wounded and a Francoist policeman was shot dead. Puig Antich, 25, was garrotted in Barcelona’s Modelo prison on 2 March 1974.
After the military coup in Argentina on 24 March 1976, Miguel persuaded a lot of people to ‘lose’ their passports so that comrades fleeing to escape the Junta could adopt a temporary identity change. In June 1976 he installed a printing press in the basement at Upper Tollington Park, on which he printed a number of anarchist books in Spanish, including Anarquismo y Lucha de Clases (the Spanish translation of Floodgates of Anarchy, written by Albert Meltzer and myself) that he distributed in Spain. As well as printing identity documents, he also got together a group of young Spanish comrades in London to produce their own anarchist paper Colectivo Anarquista.
In the late 1970s Miguel returned to his native Barcelona where, funded by the Spanish writer and former diplomat Jose Martin-Artajo, anarchistson of Franco’s foreign minister Alberto Martin-Artajo, he fulfilled one of his life’s ambitions – to open his own bar. La Fragua, a former forge at No 15 Carrer de la Cadena in Barcelona’s Raval District – not far from where pistoleros working for the Catalan employers’ organisation gunned down the noted CNT leader Salvador Segui and his friend Frances Comes in 1923 – opened for business in 1979. As with the Centro Ibérico, La Fragua became a Mecca for anarchists and libertarians from all over the world, and an important meeting place for the anarchist activist groups of the so-called ‘Apache sector’ centred around Luis Andres Edo in Barcelona.
Miguel’s humanity was the most characteristic thing about him, that and his tenacity and ability to persevere and survive despite all odds. He was, without doubt, a pretty significant figure to the generation radicalised in the late 1960s and 1970s. Miguel had gone to prison fighting - and that was how he came out. He was untouched by the years of squabbling and in-fighting that characterised the life of the Spanish Libertarian Movement in exile. Miguel’s answer for any dire situation was always the same – ‘we must DO something!” His work with the Black Cross – providing practical aid to libertarian prisoners all over the world and making solidarity an effective springboard to militant action – influenced a new generation of anarchists not just in Spain but in many other parts of the world including Britain, France, Belgium, Italy and West Germany.
I was living on the northern island of Sanday, in Orkney, for much of the time Miguel was in Barcelona, but we met whenever we could. In 1980, Brenda, my partner, went to work with him at La Fragua for six months, at his invitation, to help improve the bar’s menu. Miguel’s culinary skills, acquired in Franco’s prisons during times of great austerity, left much to be desired! It was on Sanday, one December evening in 1981, that I received an unexpected telephone call from Miguel who was back in London, in a nursing home, being treated for advanced TB. It was nice to hear from him and we chatted about this and that, but nothing in particular, and for that reason alone it was strange. Usually, when Miguel rang it was to arrange to do something or get something done. But on this occasion it was simply to talk, nothing else. He also spoke with Brenda, again about nothing in particular, and she promised to write him one of her long chatty letters the following day, which she did. Unfortunately, Miguel never received it. He died in the early hours of the following morning.
Miguel García García’s life is a good pointer to what anarchism is in practice. Not a theory handed down by ‘men of ideas’, nor an ideological strategy, but the self-activity of ordinary people taking action in any way they can, in equality with others, to free up the social relationships that constitute our lives. Miguel García García may have lived a hard life, but it was a worthwhile life, and he was an inspiration to us all"
Stuart Christie, 29 July 2011
Creator
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Stuart Christie
Date
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August 1979
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Barcelona
Black Flag
Carabanchel
Centro Iberico
prison
Social centre
Spain
Spanish anarchism
Spanish Civil War
Transition
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Letters to Prisoners
Description
An account of the resource
Personal correspondence with prisoners in Britain. This collection includes letters received from Stuart by Phil Ruff in the late 1970s while he was in prison in Gartree, Durham, Leeds, Hull and Long Lartin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1980s
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Language
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English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Letters
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Letter from Stuart Christie to Phil Ruff [25/08/1979]
Subject
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Persons Unknown
Creator
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Phil Ruff
Publisher
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Date
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25/08/1979
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Format
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Letter
Language
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English
Cienfuegos Press
Mutual Aid
Persons Unknown
prison
-
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34abea0f2a35e224c9c699428fa9f7ee
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letters to Prisoners
Description
An account of the resource
Personal correspondence with prisoners in Britain. This collection includes letters received from Stuart by Phil Ruff in the late 1970s while he was in prison in Gartree, Durham, Leeds, Hull and Long Lartin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1980s
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Language
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English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Letters
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Letter from Stuart Christie to Phil Ruff [12/07/1979]
Subject
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Persons Unknown/Cienfuegos Press
Creator
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Phil Ruff
Publisher
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive
Date
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12/07/1979
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Format
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Letter
Language
A language of the resource
English
Cienfuegos Press
Mutual Aid
Persons Unknown
prison
-
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08f04713cb1901aef59965177db87032
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letters to Prisoners
Description
An account of the resource
Personal correspondence with prisoners in Britain. This collection includes letters received from Stuart by Phil Ruff in the late 1970s while he was in prison in Gartree, Durham, Leeds, Hull and Long Lartin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1980s
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Rights
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Letters
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Letter from Stuart Christie to Phil Ruff [15/06/1979]
Subject
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'Persons Unknown' case.
Creator
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Phil Ruff
Publisher
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Date
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15/06/1979
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Format
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Letter
Language
A language of the resource
English
Mutual Aid
Persons Unknown
prison
Special Branch
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letters to Prisoners
Description
An account of the resource
Personal correspondence with prisoners in Britain. This collection includes letters received from Stuart by Phil Ruff in the late 1970s while he was in prison in Gartree, Durham, Leeds, Hull and Long Lartin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1980s
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Letters
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Letter from Stuart Christie to Phil Ruff [02/05/1978]
Creator
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Phil Ruff
Publisher
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
02/05/1978
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Letter
Language
A language of the resource
English
Cienfuegos Press
Mutual Aid
prison
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letters to Prisoners
Description
An account of the resource
Personal correspondence with prisoners in Britain. This collection includes letters received from Stuart by Phil Ruff in the late 1970s while he was in prison in Gartree, Durham, Leeds, Hull and Long Lartin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1980s
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Letters
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letters from Stuart Christie to Phil Ruff[16/08/1978]
Creator
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Phil Ruff
Publisher
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Date
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16/08/1978
Rights
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Letter
Language
A language of the resource
English
Cienfuegos Press
Mutual Aid
prison
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letters to Prisoners
Description
An account of the resource
Personal correspondence with prisoners in Britain. This collection includes letters received from Stuart by Phil Ruff in the late 1970s while he was in prison in Gartree, Durham, Leeds, Hull and Long Lartin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1978-1980s
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Letters
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Stuart Christie to Phil Ruff [10/03/1978]
Creator
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Phil Ruff
Publisher
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Date
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10/03/1978
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Stuart Christie Memorial Archive, Mayday Rooms
Format
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Letter
Language
A language of the resource
English
Cienfugeos Press
Mutual Aid
Orkney
prison